Apparatus for piling rugs



Sept. 8, 1936. 1.. A. JACKSON APPARATUS FOR PILING RUGS Filed May 9, 19:54

.lhvezaivr 1 ea fl. Jackson flfi'orl known as hooked".

Patented Sept. 8, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT; OFFICE In the piling of rugs, carpets or the like, there has developed a type of hand made article usually Such rugs comprise a fabric foundation as of canvas or burlap through which the piling is drawn as loops. The loops are then cut to free the ends and give a level nap surface.

' This so-called hooking has usually been done on a plain frame or stretcher in which the foun-' dation could be held smooth and tight. Hooks of various types were pushed through to draw up the loops and develop the pattern of the pile. The

method was slow and laborious. Due to the free hand basis of operation there was a wide varietyin result and in the amount of material used or unused.

As the piling is usually made of carpet yarns, there is considerable cost involved in rug making. Furthermore, as these rugs are usually of varied pattern and color the matter of selecting or matching yarn has caused much dimculty and waste. If more than enough yarn of the kinds or colors is bought there is the obvious waste of the residue. If too little be bought, by the time the shortage is discovered there is apt to be difllculty in matching any color needed to flll out the pattern. Colors in stock vary in dyeing from time to time.

My invention contemplates an improvement in the method and provides for simple procedure for the method for experienced or inexperienced and also for apparatus to make such methods feasible and easy.

The improvement in the product and the savings in time and labor will appear more fully from the following description, reference being made to the accompanying drawing. In the drawing I have shown a simple illustrative basis for my invention as follows:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a simple device as used in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the same.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged section through the temple bars showing one strip of-piling looped but not cut. I

Fig. 4 is a similar section showing the work progressed for the development of another strip of piling.

Fig. 5 is an illustrated detail showing ,the manner in which the loops are cut.

Fig. 6 is an illustrative view showing how different depths of loop bars may be substituted to produce different depths of piling and Fig. 7 indicates a variant form of loop bar in foundation fabric.

which the base is solid and the upper-member channelled.

. In the device as illustrated m the drawing 1' may provide a pair of side rails I. Each has a split bearing 2 adjacent one end clamped by a wing nut 3. In these bearings is journaled a beaml. The beam 4 is what may be termed the rug beam. At their opposite ends therails l are connected by a rigid cross piece 20. Adjacent this cross piece 20 is rotatably mounted on the rails I a second beam 5 which holds the foundation material F which is carried over and wound on the beam 4. y

These simple members constitute in the form shown a light, oblong, open framework easily handled or positioned as the worker may wish. Pivotally clamped as at 6 on the beam 5 is a pair .of arms I connected by a cross bar 8.

Tlhe edges of the arms I are recessed to form longitudinal pockets 9 covered by latches l pivote'd to the arms I at II. In these pockets 9 I set plates I2 provided with notches I2 for bolding the ends of a series of parallel cross bars I! U-shaped in cross section. These bars may be of any depth according to the length of loop or depth of the pile desired.

The arms 1 are adjusted or positioned at an angle to the side rails i by hook-like braces ll.

This adjustable frame member therefore constitutes what might be called by analogy a temple element. When the main frame is supported across a chair or table with the temple end towards the worker it forms an elevated guide for'the foundation F which is tensioned up on one of thebeams.

In practicing my method with such equipment, the procedure is generally as follows: The foundatlon F is usually stencilled with a pattern which 4 according to my invention is on the side next to the worker and thus in plain sight as the work progresses.

The pile is also developed on this side of the In most former practices the pile was developed on the side opposite from the pattern and thus was inconveniently and ineiliciently disposed. Such practices coupled with the irregular and unsystematic progression of the pattern made for more waste of time and material.

By my system I impose an absolute order and at the same time a simple procedure based on the indicated arrangement of parallel rows. These are definite and accurate and the computation of the required yarns necessary for the nap or fill can be assured.

My system departs from the common practice in that it employs a simple needle N as compared with the usual hook. My bars l3 provide fora normal lateral development of the pattern in rows. By my method I am able to provide for immediate reasonable results even for the inexperienced in the wholesome adventure of such an art. The advantage of having the result visible on the pattern side of the foundation i is obvious.

My invention permits of an overcast system. It potentially differentiates overcasting from hooking, although common hooking may be practiced on such frames as I have indicated 1 herein.

In practice the foundation F is given a partial turn (outside of the pattern on the rug beam 4) The other end of the foundation is rolled on the beam 5. In practice this leaves a slack in It the interior of the frame.

The temple frame is then set up at an angle.

The beams are to the main frame members i. adjusted to give the desired tension to the foundation F which is then ready to receive the pile.

Each succeeding row tends to lock the preced ing row of loops. As shown the frame or panel of bars I 3 is twelve in number (for example), as shown in Fig. 3. .These are filled and the first ten bars of the frame or set are slit (as shown in Pig. 5), to cut or free the tensionedloops. For this purpose an ordinary safety razor blade R may be run through the channel of the U-bars ll. This leaves two (or more as desired) rows of loops in place to act as guides in the pattern and as stops to the succeeding rows. The free bars I! may now be removed, the retained bars ll unhooked and the foundation F advanced. In this the rug beam clamp screw 3 is merely slackened and the beam rotated to the required accommodation of foundation takeup and tension. In this movement such bars as were left locked in the closed pile are moved with the foundation. In this there is an exchange or progression of bars l3, as indicated in Fig. 4.

The work does not have to proceed as a continuous progression. As desired the worker may advance on the design and loop in another section. This is a mere matter of shifting the foundation F -to position the work at the zone of fabrication.

I have indicated in Fig. 6 by a simple comparative diagram how three (or more) difierent widths of loop bars may be used interchangeably in the same frame.

We may consider the bar l3 as of maximum width to fill the slot I2 but it will be seen that a bar of lesser width or depth I3 may be substituted in cases where a short pile is desired. In such a substitution I provide a filler block or strip l3- to go beneath the latch ill to fill the space left between the top edges of the bars l3 and the latch iii.

In the same bracketed figure l3 indicates a still narrower loop bar for making a still shorter pile. Its corresponding filler block or strip B is intended to be shown as filling the resulting vacancy and backing up the latch Ill.

' illustrative purposes.

In Fig. 7, I have shown a modification of the loop bar comprising a very shallow channel I! backed up by a solid bar 30. Onlya shallow groove or opening or slit is needed for the loop cutting blade. These members may be separate and interchangeable as before indicated in which case I usually keep the channel I3 constant and vary the depth of the backing bar 30 to get the desired total depth.

In Fig. 2 no effort is made to indicate the contact of the latch I 0 with the loop bars l3. This figure is intended to indicate general assembly only in the simple type of frame used herein for The very simplicity of the frame shown is of advantage as it is made of wooden strips and is light and inexpensive and well adapted to the use of the craft. Obviously sheet metal or other material could be substituted to make more elaborate frames.

As the indicated device is intended primarily for home or craft work, it is only necessary to understand that the piling is to be done by hand.

If we may assure the foregoing suggestion of procedure, the rug or like work or product will be developed as above described.

The exact mechanism of the frame while inconsequential to the larger concept is really of immediate practical service. In practice its efiiciency is demonstrated.

The structure may be varied and the mechanisms will necessarily be modified to meet personal habits, ideas or tastes.

What I therefore claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a rug piling frame, a pair of side rails, a pair of beams Journaled at opposite ends thereof for holding a foundation web, means for clamping the beams, a temple frame hinged to the side rails and having a longitudinal recess, a series of transverse loop bars, a bracket plate in said recess, said plate having receiving slots for the bar ends for detachably supporting the bars across the foundation.

2. In a rug piling frame, a pair of side rails, a pair of beams journaled at opposite ends thereof for holding a foundation web, means for clamping the beams, a temple frame hinged to the side rails and having a longitudinal recess, a series of transverse removable and interchangeable loop bars, a bracket plate in said recess, said plate having receiving slots for the bar ends for detachably supporting the bars across the foundation.

3. In a rug piling frame, a pair of side rails, a pair of beams Journaled at opposite ends thereof for holding a foundation web, means for clamping the beams, a temple frame hinged to the side rails and having a longitudinal recess, a series of transverse loop bars, a bracket plate in each recess, said plate having receiving slots for the bar ends for detachably supporting the bars across the foundation, and means for angularly supporting the templeframe.

4. In a rug piling frame, a pair of side rails, a pair of beams journaled at opposite ends thereof for holding a foundation web, means for clamping the beams, a temple frame hinged to the side rails and having a longitudinal recess, a series of transverse removable and interchangeable loop bars, a bracket plate in each recess, said plate having receiving slots for the bar ends for detachably supporting the bars across the foundation, and means for angularly supporting the temple frame.

5. A rug piling frame comprising side rails, a

6. Ina rug piling frame, a frame, a'draft beam at opposite ends of said frame fora web foundation, means'for clamping the beams in the frame, a-temple frame movable relatively to said frame, a series of transverse loop bars, means for detachably supporting the bars across the foundation, and means for angularly adjusting the temple frame.

I. In a rug piling frame, a frame, a draft beam at opposite ends of said frame for a web foun dation, means for clamping the beams, a temple frame movable relative to the sides of the frame and having a longitudinal recess, a series of transverse loop bars, a bracket plate in each recess and having receiving slots for the bar ends for detachably supporting the bars across the foundation, and means for angularly adjusting the' temple frame.

8. In a rug piling frame, opposltesupports for holding a rug foundation, a series of independently removable transverse parallel U- shaped loop bars, and bar receivers in the frame detachably and interchangeably supporting said bars across the foundation.

9. In arug piling frame, opposite means for movably holding a rug foundation, a series of independently removable transverse parallel loop bars, and means for detachably and interchangeably supporting said bars across the foundation 10. Rug piling apparatus comprising side rails, rug foundation supports journaled in said rails and a work temple hinged to said rails and adapted to be adiustably disposed over'said rug foundation, said temple including a plurality of loop bars and means for detachably supporting the same across the rug foundation.

11. Rug piling apparatus comprising side rails, rug foundation supports journaled in said rails and a work temple hinged to said rails and adapted to be adjustably disposed over said rug foundation, said temple comprising a pair of longitudinally recessed arms one pivoted to theforward end of each of said rails, a slotted bracket in each of said temple and recesses and a loop bar detachablyv supported by its ends in said slots across the rug foundation.

12. Rug piling apparatus comprising side rails, rug foundation beams journalled in said rails and a work temple hinged to said rails and including a pair of arms, a bar connecting. the same and over which said rug foundation passes, and workguides supported by said arms and extending transversely over said rug foundation.

13. Rug piling apparatus comprising side rails, rug foundations beams journalled in said rails and a work temple hinged to said rails and comprising a pair of arms onepivoted to the forward end of each rail, a bar connecting said arms and over which said rug foundation passes, and a work guide removably mounted in said arms and extending transversely over. said rug foundation, and means for vertically adjusting said arms and thereby positioning said, founda 'tion in desired work position.

14. Rug piling apparatus comprising side rails, rug foundation beams journalled in said rails and a work temple hinged to said rails, means for elevating said foundation to desired inclined work position including a rug foundation support and means for raising and lowering said foundation support, and a work guide extending transversely over said rug foundation and supported by said foundation raising and lowering means.

15. Rug piling apparatus comprising a rug foundation supporting frame including side rails and front and rear rug supporting beams journalled in said rails, and a work temple including a pair of spaced arms secured to said front rug beam, a cross bar connecting said arms and over which the rug foundation passes,,longitudinal pockets in said arms, notched plates in said pockets and a work guide extending transversely over said rug foundation and supported in said notches, and means locking said guide in said notches during its period of use.

16. Rug piling apparatus comprising a rug foundation supporting frame including side rails and front and rear rug supporting beams journailed in said rails, and a work temple including apair of spaced arms secured to said front rug -beam, a cross bar connecting said arms and over which the rug foundation passes, and means 

